Bone marrow biopsies are a common medical procedure used to diagnose a variety of conditions and diseases. It is important to understand what a bone marrow biopsy is, when it is ordered, and what to expect during and after the procedure. This article will provide an overview of bone marrow biopsies and answer some of the most commonly asked questions.
What is a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
A bone marrow biopsy is a procedure in which a small sample of bone marrow is removed from the body and examined under a microscope. Bone marrow is the spongy tissue inside the bones that produces red and white blood cells and platelets. The sample is taken from the hipbone or breastbone and is used to diagnose a variety of conditions and diseases.
When Would a Doctor Order a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
A doctor may order a bone marrow biopsy if they suspect a patient has a blood disorder, such as leukemia or lymphoma, or if they are monitoring the progress of a cancer treatment. It may also be ordered if a patient has an infection or anemia.
Who Performs a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
A bone marrow biopsy is typically performed by a hematologist or oncologist. The doctor will use a needle to remove a small sample of bone marrow from the hipbone or breastbone.
How Can I Prepare for a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
Before the procedure, it is important to discuss any medications you are taking with your doctor. You may need to stop taking certain medications before the biopsy. You should also avoid eating or drinking anything for at least 8 hours before the procedure.
What Should I Expect During a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
Typically, the steps are as follows:
- You will be asked to lie on your side on an exam table.
- The doctor will clean the area where the biopsy will be taken.
- The doctor will use a needle to remove a small sample of bone marrow.
- The sample will be sent to a lab for testing.
- The procedure typically takes about 30 minutes.
How Painful is a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
The procedure can be uncomfortable, but it is usually not painful. You may feel a slight pressure or a stinging sensation when the needle is inserted.
What Should I Expect After a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
After the procedure, you may experience some soreness or bruising at the biopsy site. You may also feel tired or weak. These symptoms should go away within a few days.
Are There Risks to a Bone Marrow Biopsy?
Bone marrow biopsies are generally safe, but there is a small risk of infection or bleeding. Your doctor will discuss the risks with you before the procedure.
What Type of Results Do You Get and What Do the Results Mean?
The results of a bone marrow biopsy can take several days to come back. The results will indicate whether or not there are any abnormalities in the bone marrow. If abnormalities are found, your doctor will discuss the results with you and recommend a course of treatment.
When Should I Call My Doctor?
If you experience any pain, swelling, or redness at the biopsy site, or if you develop a fever, you should call your doctor right away.
Conclusion
A bone marrow biopsy is a common medical procedure used to diagnose a variety of conditions and diseases. It is important to understand what a bone marrow biopsy is, when it is ordered, and what to expect during and after the procedure. If you have any questions or concerns, be sure to talk to your doctor.
References
- American Society of Hematology. (2020). Bone Marrow Biopsy. Retrieved from https://www.hematology.org/patients/diagnosis/bone-marrow-biopsy
- Mayo Clinic. (2020). Bone Marrow Biopsy. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/bone-marrow-biopsy/about/pac-20384717
- National Cancer Institute. (2020). Bone Marrow Biopsy. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/bone-marrow-biopsy
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